7% of the entire eligible patient population). Overall, delirium was diagnosed with Ceritinib side effects the CAM-ICU in 75 (32.2%) of the included arousable patients. Detailed comparisons between patients with and without a diagnosis of delirium are depicted in Table Table1.1. Patients with delirium were more severely ill, as reflected by higher SAPS3 and SOFA scores (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.004, respectively). In addition, patients with delirium had more frequent use of invasive mechanical ventilation, vasopressors as well as invasive devices, such as central venous and arterial catheters (Table (Table1).1). Additionally, patients with delirium used haloperidol more frequently (21.3% versus 3.8%; P < 0.0001) as compared with those without delirium. The overall use of atypical antipsychotics was low and similar in the two groups (5.

3% versus 4.4%; P = 0.75). Regarding the use of sedatives during the ICU stay, only the use of midazolam was associated with the diagnosis of delirium (42.6% in patients with delirium versus 24.8% in those without the diagnosis of delirium; P = 0.009). Additional data on the use of sedatives is provided in Table Table22.Table 2Use of sedatives in patients with and without a diagnostic of deliriumVariables selected in the univariate analysis were entered into the multivariate analysis. As expected, potential collinearity between the SOFA and SAPS3 scores (Pearson’s correlation coefficient, r = 0.43) was observed. Therefore, two models were fitted containing either the SAPS3 or the SOFA score. In addition to the SAPS3 and SOFA scores, delirium was selected in the final models and associated with ICU mortality (Table (Table3).

3). On multivariate analysis, delirium was independently associated with increased ICU mortality (OR = 3.14 (1.26 to 7.86); CI, 95%) and hospital mortality (OR = 2.5 (1.1 to 5.7); CI, 95%).Table 3Multivariate analyses of factors associated with increased ICU mortalityWhen patients with RASS deeper than -3 were analyzed, we observed that they had increased ICU mortality (P < 0.0001) and severity of illness (SAPS3, 49 (40 to 61] versus 46 (34 to 56); P = 0.01) but a similar age (62 (46 to 74) versus 61 (46 to 74); P = 0.8) as compared with patients without a diagnosis of delirium. When compared with those that were arousable and presented a diagnosis of delirium, deeply sedated patients had similar Brefeldin_A ICU mortality (P = 0.87) but a lower severity of illness (SAPS3, 49 (40 to 61) versus 57 (48 to 64); P = 0.0005) and a comparable age (62 (46 to 74] versus 64 (50 to 77); P = 0.28).DiscussionIn this multicenter international study, we observed that, through a single standardized evaluation, delirium was diagnosed in 32% of the patients.