The relative risk for hepatitis A in travelers to high-risk destinations was probably mitigated by less intended risk-seeking behavior and by higher protection rates against hepatitis A as compared with travelers to low-to-intermediate-risk destinations. Logistic regression analyses showed that an age >60 years was the only significant determinant for improvement of their knowledge. Trend analyses showed a significant change over time in attitude toward more risk-avoiding behavior and toward higher protection
Ibrutinib rates against hepatitis A in travelers to high-risk destinations. The KAP profile of the risk groups travelers VFR (irrespective of hepatitis A risk of their destination) and solo as well as last-minute travelers to high-risk destinations substantially increased their relative risk for hepatitis A. Conclusions. The results of this longitudinal survey in Dutch travelers suggest an annual 5% increase in protection rates against hepatitis A coinciding with an annual 1% decrease in intended risk-seeking behavior. This improvement may reflect the continuous efforts of travel health advice providers to create awareness and to propagate safe and healthy travel. The KAP profile of travelers visiting friends and relatives (VFR) and solo as well as last-minute travelers
to high-risk destinations substantially increased their relative risk for hepatitis A. These risk groups should be candidates for targeted interventions. Hepatitis A is considered as one of the most common vaccine-preventable travel-related diseases globally.1 Osimertinib Despite access to efficient and safe vaccines, ADAM7 the immunization level in travelers to endemic areas is shown to be low in most countries1 and hepatitis A is still a frequently reported disease among international travelers.2–4 In addition, travel may also play an important role
in unexpected outbreaks of hepatitis A in non-endemic countries like the Netherlands.5 In fact, it has been shown that due to import of hepatitis A by immigrant children returning from family visits in Morocco and Turkey and secondary cases in the Netherlands among siblings and schoolmates caused a time-related increase in notifications of adults who became infected in the Netherlands.6 In the years 2002 to 2003, the European Travel Health Advisory Board conducted a cross-sectional pilot survey in several European airports including the Dutch Schiphol Airport to evaluate current travel health knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) and to determine where travelers going to developing countries obtain travel health information, what information they receive, and what preventive travel health measures they adopt.7,8 The results of that particular study demonstrated an important educational need among those traveling to risk destinations.