PubMed 20. Ungar BLP: Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay for Detection of Cryptosporidium Antigens in Fecal Specimens. J Clin Microbiol 1990, 28:2491–2495.PubMed 21. Jayalakshmi J, Appalaraju B, Mahadevan K: Evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunoassay for the detection of Cryptosporidium antigen in fecal specimens of HIV/AIDS patients. IJPM 2008, 51:137–138. 22. Barua P, Hazarika NK, Barua N, Rasul E, Laskars N: Microscopy for cryptosporidiosis screening in remote areas. IJMM 2008, 26:203–204.PubMed 23. MacPherson DW, McQueen R: Cryptosporidiosis: Multiattribute Evaluation of Six Diagnostic Methods. J Clin Microbiol 1993, 31:198–202.PubMed Competing interests The authors

declare that they have no competing interests. Authors’ contributions All the authors read and approved www.selleckchem.com/products/gm6001.html the final manuscript. LT designed the study, performed the experimental work, conceived, drafted and edited the manuscript, DKS helped in drafting the manuscript and statistical analysis, AKG and SS coordinated the study and TMM supervised the study design, coordination of the study and helped to edit the manuscript.”
“Background The phosphatase calcineurin is a heterodimeric protein composed by a catalytic Belnacasan ic50 subunit A and a regulatory subunit B [1]. In fungi, calcineurin plays an important role in the control of cell morphology and virulence [1–4]. Calcineurin regulates morphogenesis,

Ca+2 homeostasis, and stress-activated transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae [1, 5]. In pathogenic fungi, calcineurin affects virulence, morphogenesis, and antifungal drug action [1, 6–9]. Inactivation of calcineurin in Cryptococcus neoformans affects growth at 37°C and hyphal elongation during mating and

haploid fruiting [10–13]. AZD6738 purchase Reduced virulence and absence of growth in serum are also observed in Candida albicans depleted in the calcineurin activity [11, 14, 15]. In A. fumigatus, calcineurin inactivation decreases the virulence and provides decreased filamentation and no growth in serum [9, 16]. Calcineurin regulates the localization and activity of the transcription factor Crz1p by dephosphorylating it [17]. Upon increase in cytosolic calcium, calcineurin dephosphorylates Crz1p, allowing its nuclear translocation [17, 18]. Crz1p has a C2H2 zinc finger selleck products motif that binds to a CDRE (calcineurin-dependent response element) in the promoters of genes that are regulated by calcineurin and calcium [19]. Mutants of S. cerevisiae inactivated in CRZ1 display hypersensitivity to chloride and chitosan, a defective transcriptional response to alkaline stress, and cellular morphology and mating defects [17, 19–21]. Inactivation CRZ1 mutants of Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Δprz1) are hypersensitive to calcium and have decreased transcription of the Pmc1 Ca+2 pump [22]. C. albicans homozygotes crz1Δ/Δ are moderately attenuated for virulence and sensitive to calcium, lithium, manganese, and sodium dodecyl sulfate [18, 23, 24]. A. fumigatus CRZ1 mutant, ΔcrzA, is avirulent and has decreased conidiation [16, 25].