, 1991) is classified as subdivision 1. Despite these facts, there are still limited numbers of species with validly described names in the phylum Acidobacteria. To date, the established genera of this phylum are Acanthopleuribacter, Bryobacter, Edaphobacter, Geothrix, Granulicella, Holophaga, and Terriglobus in addition to Acidobacterium, each of which comprises only one to four species. During the course of ecological studies of acidophilic chemoorganotrophic bacteria in acidic environments, we isolated novel acidophilic strains from AMD and acidic soil. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that these novel bacteria, designated strain AP8T and AZD4547 concentration AP9, represent a distinct phylogenetic

position within the subdivision 1 of the Acidobacteria. In this paper, we report the taxonomic characteristics of strains AP8T and AP9 and propose the name Acidipila rosea gen. nov., sp. nov. for these bacteria. An influent AMD sample was collected from the Matsuo AMD treatment plant, Iwate Prefecture, Japan (39°94′N, 140°94′E). The sample had a pH of 2.3 and a temperature of 24 °C in situ. Another sample was surface soil collected from a tea plantation in the east of Atsumi Peninsula, Aichi Prefecture, Japan (34°43′N, 137°22′E).

The soil sample had a pH of 4.8 and a temperature of 25 °C in situ. These samples were taken in a polypropylene tube, kept at ambient temperature during transportation, and tested immediately upon ERK inhibitor research buy return to the laboratory. For isolation, mineral medium RM2 (Hiraishi & Kitamura, 1984) supplemented with 15 mM glucose as the sole carbon CYTH4 source and 0.03% w/v yeast extract as the growth factor, designated GYS medium (pH 3.5) (Hiraishi et al., 1998), was used. Small amounts of the samples were

inoculated into 20-mL screw capped tubes containing 6 mL of GYS medium. The test tubes were incubated aerobically at 30 °C on a reciprocal shaker. After 1–2 weeks of incubation, the enrichment cultures showed significant growth. These cultures were purified by repeated streaking of GYS solid medium that was solidified with 1% gellan gum (designated GYSG). Thus, two strains designated strains AP8T and AP9 were obtained from AMD and acidic soil samples, respectively. The isolates were subcultured every 3 months on GYSG slants. The authentic strains used for comparison were Acidobacterium capsulatum strains 161T and 1372, both of which were kindly provided by Prof. N. Kishimoto, Kinki University, Japan. Unless otherwise specified, all test organisms were aerobically grown in liquid media with reciprocal shaking or on solid media, and incubation was at 25–30 °C. The general cell morphology was observed under an Olympus phase-contrast microscope and a JEOL transmission electron microscope. Colony morphology was observed on GYSG medium.