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2007. 72. Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S: Applied logistic regression 2 Edition New York: Wiley-Interscience Publication 2000.CrossRef Authors’ contributions FV designed and performed research, analyzed data and prepared the manuscript. FM provided strain collection and contributed to the manuscript. JV designed research and contributed to the manuscript. All authors approved the final manuscript”
“Background Isolates from the genus find more Pediococcus are particularly problematic Tozasertib ic50 for the brewing industry where hop-compounds

are used to provide flavour to beer. Hop-compounds are antimicrobial in that they dissipate the trans-membrane pH gradient of microbes, thereby inhibiting growth and potential spoilage of product [1]. As pediococci are also used as beneficial microbes in the context of food microbiology and animal husbandry (e.g., wine, cheese, and yogurt Demeclocycline industries as well as for the production of silage), the emergence of hop-resistant Pediococcus isolates in the brewing industry is of broader interest. These isolates frequently harbour one or more ATP-binding cassette type multidrug resistance (ABC MDR) genes, suggesting that resistance to hop-compounds may also confer resistance to other antimicrobial compounds

[2]. We have previously shown that several genes can be correlated with ability of Pediococcus isolates to grow in beer and to resist the antimicrobial activity of hop-compounds [3–5]. These are the ABC MDR genes ABC2, bsrA, bsrB, [6] and horA [2], a putative divalent cation transporter known as hitA [7], and horC which codes for a protein possessing little homology to any known protein [8, 9]. Because, many pediococci possess special growth requirements, conventional antimicrobial-sensitivity testing media have been demonstrated to be unsuitable for testing of Pediococcus isolates for antimicrobial resistance [10–12]. However, enriched media that permits growth of pediococci may inhibit the antimicrobial activity of some compounds under investigation. Previously, antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Pediococcus isolates has been attempted by several methods, many of which are performed using some variety of agar diffusion [10, 11, 13, 14].