CPP was tested
on PPD8 following intra-mPOA infusions of either 2% bupivacaine or saline vehicle. In two additional experiments, the effects of intra-mPOA infusions of bupivacaine on expression of conditioned responding induced by environments associated with either pups or cocaine were examined separately. Transient inactivation of the mPOA selectively blocked the conditioned preferences SHP099 solubility dmso for pup-associated environments, significantly contrasting the robust pup-CPP found in non-surgical and intra-mPOA vehicle-treated females. In contrast, mPOA inactivation failed to alter cocaine-CPP in postpartum females. When given a choice between environments associated with pups or cocaine, transient functional inactivation of the mPOA altered choice behavior, biasing the preference of females toward cocaine-associated environments, such that almost all preferred cocaine- and none the pup-associated option. The anatomical specificity was revealed when inactivation of check details adjacent regions to the mPOA did not affect CPP responses for pups. The findings support a critical role for the mPOA in mediating pup-seeking behavior, and further suggest that the competing properties of pups over alternative incentives, including drugs of abuse, rely on mPOA integrity to provide relevant pup-related
information to the circuitry underlying the choice behavior between pups and alternative stimuli. (C) 2010 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Selective attention is a crucial component of all sensory processing. Here we test the role of dopamine in attentional selection and in the maintenance of attention. Pigeons were trained on a moving-dot paradigm comparable to the shell game. In this paradigm, pigeons had to select a target among distractors and maintain attention to the target. Target and distractors consisted of white dots, moving at random on a touch-screen. In this task, the demand on attention was modulated by varying the number of distractors and the duration of motion. Both manipulations affected performance
equally. In the next step, we investigated the contribution of dopamine to attention. Intracranial injections of D1-antagonist (Sch23390) before testing led to decrements NU7026 cost in performance that equally affected trials with different attentional demand. This drop in performance cannot be attributed to altered motivation or motor performance. We conclude that dopamine has a critical role in attention. It is involved in the selection of targets for attention and in the stabilization of attention against interference. This is comparable to the role dopamine plays in working memory and argues for similar mechanisms underlying selective attention and working memory. (C) 2010 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.