For the bioavailability studies, monensin was administered to turkeys intravenously, in the left wing vein, at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg and orally at a dose of 20 mg/kg. Salinomycin was administered to chickens

intravenously, in the left wing vein, at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg and orally at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg. Residue studies were carried out with supplemented feed at the rate of 100 mg/kg of feed for monensin in turkeys and 70 mg/kg for salinomycin in chickens, respectively. Coccidiostats had a low bioavailability in poultry (around 30% for monensin in chickens, around 1% for monensin in turkeys and around 15% for salinomycin in chickens). Monensin in chickens had a longer terminal half- life (between 3.07 and 5.55 h) than both monensin in turkeys (between 1.36 and 1.55 h) and salinomycin in chickens (between 1.33 and 1.79 h). The tissue/plasma partition coefficients showed a SB202190 manufacturer higher affinity of both monensin and salinomycin for fat, followed by liver and muscle tissue. The depletion data showed a fairly rapid elimination of coccidiostats in all the tissues Selleckchem LXH254 after cessation of treatment. According to the results of depletion studies, a withdrawal period of 1 day seems sufficient to avoid undesirable exposure of consumers.”
“Over irrigation and poor water drain of agricultural land may create a problem of soil salinity In Maharashtra the problem

is increasing day by day Salinity affects soil qualities adversely Many microbial interactions in soil are victims of salinity Symbiotic nitrogen fixation, fertility determining factor in the soil, can be one of them The effect is not only due to decrease in the plant growth but also due to decrease in the useful microbial population in soil However, new salt tolerant varieties of useful microbes may develop in such soils If screened properly, they can be of use in saline soils Halotolerant rhizobia can be of use in saline soils, if used along with their legume partners This can add in to nitrogen content of the soil and help in reclaiming soil fertility Four halotolerant

rhizobial strains namely GMNW1, GMNW2, GMB2 and GMB1 of Glycine max (L) have been isolated from few of such saline soils Omipalisib price in Maharashtra in the Krishna river basin area at Satara and Sangli districts The NaCl tolerance of the isolates was ranging from minimum up to 5 % in case of GmNW1 and GmNW2 to maximum up to 8% in GmB1 and GmB2 The isolate namely, GmNW1 tolerated 8% of KCl while remaining three isolates tolerated KCl up to 9% Tolerance to carbonates and bicarbonates was variable for different isolates and was ranging from 0 1 % in case of GmNW1 to 0 5 % in case of GmB2 Presence of KCl in the medium lowered NaCl tolerance of the isolates Although pH of the medium influenced NaCl tolerance of the isolates, it was variable at different pH However, the tolerance was maximum at pH 7 for all the isolates”
“The trajectory planning and tracking control for an underactuated unmanned surface vessel (USV) were addressed.