However, the environmental conditions (such as soil type, the use of organic or mineral fertilizers, temperature, humidity and exposure to the sun and wind) where L. sidoides is cultivated may influence the chemical composition of the volatile oils [9, 10]. Additionally, the amount of the essential oil components produced can vary depending on the plant genotype [11]. In other

plants, the presence of intracellular bacteria found in association with the essential oil cells, such as the lysigen lacunae in vetiver root (Chrysopogon zizanioides), and the participation of bacteria in the biotransformation CHIR99021 of essential oils have been previously demonstrated [12–14]. However, no evidence exists to suggest the participation of the endophytic microbial community in the transformation of the essential oil in L. sidoides, which appears to be associated with plant trichomes [15]. Here, we hypothesize

that this community is influenced by the production of the volatile compounds of the essential oil in L. sidoides leaves. To the best of our knowledge, few studies concerning the microbial endophytic community associated with L. sidoides have been performed to date that specifically use the genotypes and environmental conditions of northeast Brazil. Thus, the microbial communities from the stems and leaves of four L. sidoides genotypes (LSID003, LSID006, LSID104 and LSID105), JAK inhibitor which show different amounts of carvacrol and thymol, were determined using cultivation-dependent and cultivation-independent approaches. We used 16S rRNA-based universal and group-specific primers for total bacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria, as well as 18S rRNA-based primers for fungi, in combination with molecular (PCR-DGGE) and statistical (Principal Component Analysis – PCA) tools to evaluate whether the essential oil affects the endophytic

RG7420 solubility dmso microbial community in pepper-rosmarin. Methods Plants, sampling and experimental conditions This study was conducted at the Experimental Farm “The Rural Campus of UFS”, located in São Cristóvão (geographical coordinates: latitude 11°00′ S and longitude 37° 12′ W) in northeast Brazil. The soil of this area is characterized as a red-yellow argisoil with the following chemical characteristics: pH – 5.4; organic matter – 21.1 g dm-3; P – 2.3 mg dm-3; K – 0.09 cmolc dm-3 (Mehlich 1); Ca + Mg – 2.70 cmolc dm-3; Al – 0.71 cmolc dm-3; S – SO4 2−– 0.76 cmolc dm-3; Zn – 0.97 mg dm-3, Cu – 0.66 mg dm-3; Fe – 82.9 mg dm-3; and Mn – 2.76 mg dm-3. The seedlings were produced by utilizing approximately 15 cm-staked herbaceous offshoots. A mixture of Selleck STI571 washed coconut shell powder and washed sand (2:1) and 20 g l-1 of Biosafra® organomineral biofertilizer (3-12-6) were used as substrata for the rooted cuttings. Seedlings of approximately 20 cm were then taken to the field.