In this light, we urge the CITES Management Authorities from Thailand Selumetinib solubility dmso and Kazakhstan to scrutinize the trade involving captive-bred specimens of Dendrobatidae. We furthermore recommend the CITES
Management Authorities of the range States (Colombia, Peru, Suriname, Brazil amongst others) to follow up on this issue with the Management Authorities in Thailand and Kazakhstan. While the described trade in CITES II-listed poison arrow frogs in Asia may be exceptional, discrepancies in reported levels of international wildlife trade are not (e.g. Blundell and Mascia 2005) and we urge conservationists and others interested in regulating wildlife trade to explore other similar cases, retrospectively or in real time, and report discrepancies to the relevant authorities. Acknowledgments We thank Steve Gorzula and Matthew Todd for Selleck AP24534 information on the poison arrow trade, and Claire
Beastall for preparing the map. We thank Watana Vetayaprasit, Director of the CITES Management Authority of Thailand for providing information on the import of CITES-listed amphibians into Thailand. Victor J.T. Loehr, Maylynn Engler and two anonymous reviewers are thanked for constructive comments. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. References Bartlett CP673451 RD (2003) Poison dart frogs: facts and advice on care and breeding. Barron’s Educational Series, Hauppauge Blundell AG, Mascia MB (2005) Discrepancies in reported levels of international wildlife trade. Conserv Biol 19:2020–2025CrossRef
Brown JL, Schulte R, Summers K (2006) A new species of Dendrobates (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from the Amazonian lowlands of Peru. Zootaxa 1152:45–58 CITES (2009) CITES glossary. http://www.cites.org/eng/resources/terms/glossary.shtml#c. Accessed 15 Nov 2009 Clough M, Summers K (2000) Phylogenetic systematics and biogeography of the poison frogs: evidence from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Ketotifen Biol J Linn Soc 70:515–540 Daszak P, Cunningham AA, Hyatt AD (2003) Infectious disease and amphibian population declines. Divers Distrib 9:141–150 Duarte-Quiroga A, Estrada A (2003) Primates as pets in Mexico city: an assessment of the species involved, source of origin, and general aspects of treatment. Am J Primatol 61:53–60PubMed Frost DR (2004) Amphibian species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference. http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php. Accessed 15 Nov 2009 Gorzula S (1996) The trade in dendrobatid frogs from 1987 to 1993.