The number of neighboring C alpha atoms whose labels are the same is given as the QSE value of the center C alpha atom at hand. As evidenced by histograms that

show very different distributions selleckchem for different structure configurations, the proposed measure captures local properties that are characteristic for a residue’s eight-directional neighborhood within a sphere. Compared with other measures, QSE provides a different view of solvent exposure, and provides information that is specific for different tertiary structure. As the experimental results show, QSE measure can potentially be used in protein structure analysis and predictions.”
“Purpose: To better understand urological care delivery in rural communities, we evaluated the utilization, outcomes and costs of inpatient urological surgery at critical access hospitals.

Materials and Methods: Using data from the AHA (American Hospital Association) and NIS (Nationwide Inpatient Sample), we identified all urological surgical admissions to critical and noncritical access hospitals from 2005 through 2009. We compared the distribution of urological procedures, hospital mortality, length of stay and costs for patients

undergoing common urological operations at critical vs noncritical access hospitals.

Results: Of the 1,292 critical and 3,760 noncritical access Peptide 17 hospitals reporting to the AHA 450 (35%) and 1,372 (36%), respectively, had at least 1 year of data available Akt inhibitor in the NIS. We identified 333,925 urological surgical admissions, including 2,286 (0.7%) to critical access hospitals. Overall, at least 1 inpatient urological operation was performed at only 45% of critical access hospitals vs 91% of noncritical access hospitals (p <0.001). The distribution of urological surgeries differed

between critical and noncritical access hospitals (p <0.001) with a greater prevalence of operations for benign indications at critical access hospitals. For 6 common inpatient urological surgeries we found no meaningful difference in in-hospital mortality and prolonged length of stay between patients treated at critical vs noncritical access hospitals. However, costs at critical access hospitals were universally higher.

Conclusions: Inpatient urological surgery is performed at only a few critical access hospitals. While in-hospital mortality and length of stay are largely indistinguishable between critical and noncritical access hospitals, the higher costs at critical access hospitals may pose a challenge to improving rural access to urological care.”
“Identification and analysis of types of biological protein-protein interactions and their interfaces to predict obligate and non-obligate complexes is a problem that has drawn the attention of the research community in the past few years.