The main objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate the GY potential of new indica hybrid cultivars in China; (ii) to explore the complex correlations between rice GY and yield-related traits in a large pool of high-yield genotypes or cultivars; and (iii) to evaluate the stability of yield-related traits over time and across locations for the new indica hybrid cultivars. Two experiments were performed. The first was performed over the 2007–2008 www.selleckchem.com/products/torin-1.html growing seasons in Taoyuan village, Yongsheng county, Yunnan province (26°13′ N, 100°34′ E, 1170 m a.s.l.), to investigate the relationships between several traits influencing yield. Newly released indica rice cultivars

(53 cultivars in 2007 and 48 cultivars in 2008) were grown on a farm during the rice growing seasons, which occurs from mid-March to mid-September. The second experiment was performed in both Taoyuan and Nanjing, Jiangsu province (32°2′ N, 118°42′ E, 80 m a.s.l.) from 2005 to 2008, to investigate variation in yield-related traits. Two typical Chinese indica F1 hybrid cultivars, a large-panicle cultivar, II You 107, and a heavy-panicle cultivar, Xieyou 107, were planted during the rice growing

seasons. The soil at Taoyuan was an OrthicAcrisol (FAO taxonomy) with pH 8.0, an organic carbon content of 12.4 g kg− 1, and a total nitrogen content GSK-3 inhibitor of 2.0 g kg− 1. The soil at the Nanjing site was an OrthicAcrisol with pH 7.3, an organic carbon content of 6.7 g kg− 1, and a total nitrogen content of 1.1 g kg− 1. Both experiments were arranged in a completely randomized block design with three replicates. The area of a plot was 4 m × 5 m = 20 m2. Seedlings 30-day-old raised in a wet nursery were transplanted Prostatic acid phosphatase in early April at the Taoyuan site, and seedlings 35-day-old raised

in a dry nursery were transplanted in mid-June at the Nanjing site, with hill spacing of 0.3 m × 0.13 m and one seedling per hill at both sites. Nitrogen (125 kg ha− 1 N as urea), phosphorus (150 kg ha− 1 P2O5 as single superphosphate), potassium (150 kg ha− 1 K2O as K2SO4), and zinc fertilizer (15 kg ha− 1 Zn as magnesium–zinc fertilizer) were incorporated in the Taoyuan site, and 105 kg ha− 1 N as urea, 75 kg ha− 1 P2O5 as single superphosphate, 75 kg ha− 1 K2O as KCl, and 15 kg ha− 1 Zn as magnesium–zinc fertilizer were incorporated in plots in the Nanjing site one day before transplanting. In the Taoyuan site, additional N was applied 7 days after transplanting (125 kg ha− 1), 12 days after transplanting (62.5 kg ha− 1), panicle initial (PI) (187.5 kg ha− 1), and the stage of the 2nd leaf from the top extension (125 kg ha− 1). An additional 150 kg ha− 1 K2O was also supplied at the PI stage.