This strain was grown at 37°C under anaerobic conditions on 5% horse blood agar plates (Poa Media, Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) and in 30 mg/ml trypticase soy broth (BD Biosciences, SanJose, CA) supplemented with 2.5 mg/ml yeast extract (BD Biosciences), 5 μg/ml hemin and 5 μg/ml menadione. Bacterial growth was monitored by measuring the optical density at 660 nm (OD660). For invasion assays,

an inoculum with an infection ratio (multiplicity of infection [MOI]) of 100 bacteria per cell was added to the cell culture medium. Cell culture The human gingival this website epithelial cell line Ca9-22 was obtained from RIKEN Bioresource Center (Ibaraki, Japan). Ca9-22 cells were cultured under standard conditions in Eagle’s minimal essential medium (E-MEM; Wako Pure Chemical www.selleckchem.com/products/epoxomicin-bu-4061t.html Industries, Ltd., Osaka, Japan) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1% penicillin and streptomycin at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere

of 5% CO2. The monocytic cell line THP-1 was obtained from Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources Cell Bank (Osaka, Japan). THP-1 cells were cultured under standard conditions in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 Medium (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) containing 10% FBS, 1% penicillin and streptomycin at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2. Antibodies Antibodies were obtained from Caspase Inhibitor VI the following sources: antiserum for P. gingivalis whole cells was kindly donated by Dr. Fuminobu Yoshimura (Aichi-gakuin University, Aichi, Japan); mouse monoclonal antibody specific for ICAM-1, goat polyclonal antibody specific for ICAM-1, mouse monoclonal antibody specific for TNFRI, mouse monoclonal antibody specific for TNFRII and mouse immunoglobulin G (IgG) (R & D Systems, Minneapolis, MN); mouse monoclonal antibody specific for Rab5 (BD Biosciences); rabbit polyclonal antibody specific for ICAM-1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX); goat IgG (Alpha Diagnostic Intl. Inc.,

San Antonio, TX); mouse monoclonal antibody specific for β-actin (Biovision Exoribonuclease Inc., Milpitas, CA); anti-rabbit IgG-Alexa 555 and anti-rabbit IgG-Alexa 633 (Invitrogen); mouse monoclonal antibody specific for GFP (Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO), anti-mouse IgG-HRP, anti-rabbit IgG-HRP and mouse monoclonal antibody specific for β-actin (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA). Vector constructs GFP-Rab5Q79L, GFP-Rab5WT, and GFP-Rab5S34N in pcDNA3 constructs were kindly provided by Dr. Yuji Yamamoto (Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan) [57,58]. The GST-R5BD vector was kindly donated by Dr. Guangpu Li (University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK). P. gingivalis invasion assay Invasion of bacteria was quantitated by a standard antibiotic protection assay as described previously [59]. Briefly, Ca9-22 cells were seeded in 12-well flat-bottom culture plates and were incubated overnight before administration of P. gingivalis.

J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001,108(4):516–520.PubMedCrossRef 61. Storrø O, Oien T, Langsrud O, Rudi K, Dotterud C, Johnsen R: Temporal variations in early gut microbial colonization are associated with allergen-specific

immunoglobulin E but not atopic eczema at 2 years of age. Clin Exp Allergy 2011,41(11):1545–1554.PubMedCrossRef 62. Andersson AF, Lindberg M, Jakobsson H, Bäckhed F, Nyren P, Engstrand L: Comparative analysis of human gut microbiota by barcoded pyrosequencing. PLoS One 2008,3(7):e2836.PubMedCrossRef 63. Xu J, Bjursell MK, Himrod J, Deng S, Carmichael LK, Chiang HC, Hooper LV, Gordon JI: A genomic view of the human-Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron symbiosis. Science 2003,299(5615):2074–2076.PubMedCrossRef 64. Koenig JE, EPZ-6438 purchase Spor A, Scalfone

N, Fricker AD, Stombaugh J, Knight R, Angenent LT, Ley RE: Succession of microbial consortia in the developing infant gut microbiome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2011,108(Suppl 1):4578–4585.PubMedCrossRef 65. Mazmanian SK, Liu CH, Tzianabos AO, Kasper DL: An immunomodulatory molecule of symbiotic bacteria directs maturation of the host immune system. Cell 2005,122(1):107–118.PubMedCrossRef 66. Penders J, Thijs C, van den Brandt PA, Kummeling I, Snijders B, Stelma F, Adams H, van Ree R, Stobberingh EE: Gut microbiota composition and development of atopic manifestations in infancy: the KOALA Birth Cohort Study. Gut 2007,56(5):661–667.PubMedCrossRef 67. Sato T, Matsumoto K, Okumura T, Yokoi W, Naito E, Yoshida Y, Nomoto K, Ito M, Sawada H: Isolation of lactate-utilizing butyrate-producing bacteria from human feces and

in vivo administration of Anaerostipes caccae GSK2879552 mouse strain L2 and Salubrinal molecular weight galacto-oligosaccharides in a rat model. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2008,66(3):528–536.PubMedCrossRef 68. Bibiloni R, Simon MA, Albright C, Sartor B, Tannock GW: Analysis of the large bowel microbiota of colitic mice using PCR/DGGE. Lett Appl Microbiol 2005,41(1):45–51.PubMedCrossRef Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors’ contributions MK and ES designed the original intervention study and organized the sample collection. Infants were clinically examined by MK. LN, WMdV, RS and SS designed the current study. LN performed faecal GPX6 microbial DNA extraction, qPCR analyses and HITChip experiments. MR-S was involved in HITChip experiments. JN performed bioinformatic analyses. LN, RS and WMdV interpreted the results and wrote the paper. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.”
“Background Candida albicans is a ubiquitous commensal in healthy individuals; it is, however, a very important opportunistic pathogen for immunologically weak and immuno-compromised people [1]. Recurrent and/or persistent infections by Candida species are frequent, particularly in oropharyngeal and vaginal candidiasis, although it has also been described in urinary tract infections [2].

However, it is BYL719 Possible that at least some of them might be functionally membrane-associated through formation of protein complexes with membrane-anchored proteins. In a previous study we showed that several hydrophilic proteins are retained in the lipophilic membrane fraction due to interaction with hydrophobic proteins [21–23]. Relative abundance index To estimate the relative abundance of the

observed proteins, we used the emPAI algorithm, which is based on the calculation of identified peptides per protein and normalized by the theoretical number of peptides for the same protein (PAI). The outcome of the emPAI analysis is given for a selection of membrane proteins and lipoproteins with the highest values in Table 2 and 3, respectively. At the top of the membrane protein list is the possible proline rich antigen AZD5153 ic50 QNZ pra (Rv1078), with 5.66 mol %. This is a small protein with 25 kDa, and has 2 TMHs. When digested with trypsin, it constitutes 6 observable tryptic

peptides, where 5 of them were identified. This protein has also been observed in M. bovis [14, 24]. The membrane proteins Rv1078 and Rv1489 are the most abundant ones, but with no annotated biological functions. In the lipoprotein list only the first three proteins are assigned functions, while the 7 others have unknown biological functions. Table 2 List of the 14 most frequently observed membrane proteins. Sanger ID Gene name Protein identity No. of TMH a No. of observed peptides b emPAI (Mol %) c References Rv1078 pra Possible proline rich antigen 2 5 5.66 [14, 24] Rv1489 – Conserved hypothetical protein 2 5 1.30 [26] Rv1306 atpF Possible ATP synthase b chain 1 7 0.36 [14, 24–26] Rv2563 – Possible glutamine-transport transmembrane protein 4 13 0.35 [14, 25, 26, 32] Rv1234 – Possible transmembrane protein 2 7 0.26 [25, 26] Rv0072 – Possible glutamine-transport transmembrane protein 4 11

0.23 [25, 26] Rv0479c – Possible conserved membrane protein 1 11 0.23 [24–26] Rv2969c – Possible conserved membrane or secreted protein 1 11 0.19 [14, 24–26, 40] Rv2200c ctaC Possible transmembrane cytochrome C oxidase 3 13 0.17 [14, 24–26, 32] Rv2195 qcrA Possible rieske iron-sulfur protein 3 15 0.16 [14, 24–26, 40, 54] Rv1223 htrA Possible serine protease 1 19 0.15 [24, 26, 54] Rv1822 – Phosphatidylglycerophosphate Florfenicol synthase 4 5 0.14 [14] Rv2721c – Possible conserved transmembrane protein 2 12 0.13 [14, 24–26, 32] Rv3273 – Possible transmembrane carbonic anhydrase 10 11 0.11 [24–26, 54] a Number of TMH regions predicted by TMHMM version 2.0 publically available at http://​www.​cbs.​dtu.​dk/​services/​TMHMM/​. b Number of observed unique peptides from each protein. c Relative protein abundance provided in mol % concentration. Table 3 List of the 10 most frequently observed lipoproteins. Sanger ID Gene name Protein identity No. of observed peptides a emPAI (Mol %) b References Rv0432 sodC Possible periplasmic superoxide dismutase 6 2.36 [14, 24–26, 40] Rv3763 lpqH 19 kda lipoprotein antigen precursor 3 1.

Over the past decade, there have been many efforts for controlling the structural and morphological properties of the 1D ZnO nanostructures with high density and uniformity because their size, shape, distribution, and crystallinity are closely related to the physical properties [8–10]. Furthermore, the hierarchical architectures built by the 1D ZnO nanostructures with 2D or 3D Ro 61-8048 solubility dmso templates, which look like flowers or urchins, have potentially exhibited the improvements of device performance due to the highly extended surface area and density [11–14]. Nowadays, some vigorous attempts begin to be focused on the growth and deposition

of the 1D ZnO nanostructures on various functional material substrates, for example, Mdivi1 cost indium find more tin oxide-coated polyethylene terephthalate (i.e., ITO/PET) films, metal foils, graphenes, and cellulose fibers, thus leading to the merits of flexible and bendable feasibility with light weight and low cost [15–18]. On the other hand, the fabrication technique

of conductive textiles (CTs) has been considerably developed by utilizing an electroless metallization of polymer fibers, and thus they have been used for electromagnetic interference shielding fabrics and flexible electrodes [19, 20]. In addition, the CTs can be a promising candidate as substrate for integrating the 1D ZnO nanostructures by employing the electrochemical deposition (ED) method. When electrons are supplied into the conductive surface in growth solution, ZnO nanorods can be readily synthesized and controlled at a low temperature by varying the external cathodic voltage [15, 21]. Therefore, the ED process with CT substrate can be a powerful and convenient fabrication method for preparing the vertically

aligned 1D ZnO nanostructures on a conductive and flexible substrate. In this paper, we synthesized and controlled the integrated ZnO nanorod arrays (NRAs) on nickel (Ni)-coated PET fiber CTs by ED method with different external cathodic voltages. For more regular and dense ZnO NRAs, the CTs were coated by the ZnO seed solution, and the samples were treated by ultrasonic agitation during ED process. Methods All chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), which were of analytical grade. To synthesize the ZnO NRAs on CT substrates, we used the commercially Org 27569 available CT substrates which consisted of woven Ni-plated PET (i.e., Ni/PET) fibers. For preparing the working substrate, the CT substrate of 3 × 3 cm2 was cleaned by ethanol and deionized (DI) water in ultrasonic bath for 10 min, respectively, at room temperature. The seed solution was made by dissolving the 10 mM of zinc acetate dehydrate (Zn(CH3COO)2 2H2O) in 50 ml of ethanol and by adding 1.5 wt.% of sodium dodecyl sulfate solution (CH3(CH2)11OSO3Na). After that, the CF substrates were dipped into the seed solution and pulled up slowly.

The finding of p53 misfolding upon HIPK2 depletion was corroborated by in vivo studies in mice with the transgenic MMTV-neu spontaneous breast cancer model that revealed low HIPK2 gene expression in the tumor tissue compared to normal tissue, that correlated with misfolded p53 ��-Nicotinamide mw [29]. Zinc treatment in combination with anticancer drug adryamicin remarkably reduced spontaneous tumor growth compared to drug treatment alone, restoring wild-type p53 (wtp53) conformation and p53 apoptotic transcriptional activity [29]. Among the regulators of the HIPK2-p53 signaling axis in response to DNA damage is the LIM (Lin-11. Isl-I and Mec3) domain protein Zyxin, a

regulator of the actin skeleton and focal adhesions, that stabilizes HIPK2 by inhibiting Siah-1-mediated HIPK2 degradation [30]. Depletion of Zyxin, therefore, inhibits HIPK2 stabilization and DNA damage-induced p53Ser46 phosphorylation and apoptosis. Another molecule that fine-tunes the p53 activation threshold in response to differing severities of genotoxic stress

is Axin that allows distinct complexes formation of p53 with molecules Pirh2, Tip60 and HIPK2 [31]. Under sublethal DNA damage, Pirh2 PF-01367338 order abrogates Axin-induced p53Ser46 phosphorylation by competing with HIPK2 for binding to Axin. Under lethal DNA damage Tip abrogates Pirh2-Axin binding forming an Axin-Tip60-HIPK2-p53 NCT-501 supplier complex that allows p53 apoptotic activation [31]. HIPK2 regulates molecules involved in p53-dependent and -independent apoptosis in response to genotoxic damage HIPK2 promotes apoptosis by modulating factors, directly or indirectly related to p53, such as the antiapoptotic

transcriptional corepressor CtBP [7], the p53 inhibitor MDM2 [32] and ΔNp63α [33]. HIPK2 participates in a pathway of UV-triggered CtBP clearance that results in cell death. HIPK2 phosphorylates CtBP at Ser-422 that induces protein degradation. Thus, HIPK2 knock-down Clomifene inhibits UV-induced CtBP-Ser-422 phosphorylation and degradation in p53-null H1299 lung cancer cells, confirming HIPK2 role in apoptosis also in cells lacking p53 [7, 34]. MDM2 is the main p53 negative regulator, it is an oncogene often upregulated in tumors and for these reasons many studies are devoted to the development of small molecules to inhibit MDM2 and restore p53 activity [11, 35]. HIPK2, by phosphorylating MDM2 for proteasomal degradation [36], may overcome the MDM2-induced p53 inactivation and restore p53 apoptotic activity [32]. On the other hand, an intriguing regulatory circuitry between MDM2 and HIPK2/p53 axis revealed that sublethal DNA damage leads to HIPK2 inhibition by a protein degradation mechanism involving p53-induced MDM2 activity [37]. These findings highlight a role for MDM2 to fine-tune the p53-mediated biological outcomes (that is, cell cycle arrest vs apoptosis) according to cell requirement.

This locus is specific to ST20 where allele G indicates ST20 and allele A excludes ST20. b Samples failed to be genotyped with the ST20 specific locus Cox56bp10, find more likely C646 due to low levels of DNA. However, other loci were used to determine groups of likely sequence types and ST20 was not able to be excluded. c Samples genotyped as allele C at locus Cox51bp67. This locus is specific to sequence type 8 where allele C indicates ST8 and allele T excludes ST8. d All SNP assays failed to amplify either

allele. Temporal sampling Using the IS1111 assay [26], C. burnetii DNA was detected in every bovine milk sample (n = 340) representing five commercial brands (each from a different processing plant) that were purchased biweekly (every two weeks) for 32 months (May 2010 through December 2012) (Figure 1 and Table 3). For the bovine milk samples collected across the entire USA, the genotype Nutlin-3a of all samples was likely to be exclusively ST20. There were 14 samples where the allele for the ST20-specific locus could not be amplified (Table 3), but even in these cases, results from other SNP assays placed the samples in clades that included ST20. Only six samples contained too little DNA for any genotyping.

Table 3 Genotyping results of Coxiella burnetii DNA from bovine and caprine milk sampled every-other week Brand ID Bottling state Species Samples ST20 a Possible ST20 b ST8 c Possible ST8 d Other STs Unable to genotype e A Arizona Bovine 68 67 1 0 0 0 0 B Arizona Bovine 68 63 3 0 0 0 2 C California Bovine

68 59 6 0 0 0 3 D Colorado Bovine 68 65 2 0 0 0 1 E Idaho Bovine 68 66 2 0 0 0 0 F California Caprine 60 2 0 28 10 2 18     TOTALS 400 322 14 28 10 2 24 a Samples genotyped as allele G at locus Cox56bp10. This locus is specific to sequence type 20 where allele G indicates ST20 and allele A excludes ST20. b Samples failed to be genotyped with the ST20 specific locus Cox56bp10, likely due to low levels of DNA. However, other loci were used to determine groups of likely sequence types and ST20 was never excluded. c Samples genotyped selleckchem as allele C at locus Cox51bp67. This locus is specific to sequence type 8 where allele C indicates ST8 and allele T excludes ST8. d Samples failed to be genotyped with the ST8 specific locus Cox51bp67, likely due to low levels of DNA. However, other loci were used to determine groups of likely sequence types and ST8 was never excluded. e All SNP assays failed to amplify either allele. Caprine milk from a single brand and processing plant was also sampled biweekly for 28 months (September 2010 through December 2012).

EMBO J 2010, 29:1331–1347.PubMedCrossRef 43. Geddes K, Cruz F, Heffron F: Analysis of cells targeted by Salmonella type III secretion in vivo. Plos Pathog 2007,3(12):e196.PubMedCrossRef 44. Castro-Eguiluz D, Pelayo R, Rosales-Garcia V, Rosales-Reyes R, Alpuche-Aranda C, Ortiz-Navarrete V: B cell precursors are targets for Salmonella infection. Microb Pathog 2009, 47:52–56.PubMedCrossRef https://www.selleckchem.com/products/BIRB-796-(Doramapimod).html 45. Mills SD, Finlay

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by B-1-derived mononuclear phagocyte. J Leukoc Biol 2006, 80:36–44.PubMedCrossRef 54. Tumurkhuu G, Koide N, Dagvadorj J, Noman AS, Khuda II, Naiki Y, Komatsu T, Yoshida T, Yokochi T: B1 cells produce nitric oxide in response to a series of toll-like receptor ligands. Cell Immunol 2010, 261:122–127.PubMedCrossRef 55. Han SH, Kim YE, Park JA, Park JB, Kim YS, Lee Y, Choi IG, Kwon HJ: Expression of human beta-defensin-2 gene induced by CpG-DNA in human B cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009, 389:443–8.PubMedCrossRef CFTRinh-172 cell line Competing interests The authors of this study have no conflicts of interest to report. Authors’ contributions BEGP, JJDCL, JICS, ARMD and ACL carried out the experiments and prepared the samples for electron microscopy observation. ADHP and HVC processed and analysed the TEM samples. EGL participated in the design of the study and contributed to the draft and review of the manuscript. BEGP helped draft the manuscript and edited the figures.

: relationship between genomic structure and the number of IS 6501 copies. J Gen Microbiol 1993,139(12):3265–3273.PubMed 3. Ocampo-Sosa AA, Garcia-Lobo JM: Demonstration of IS 711 transposition in https://www.selleckchem.com/products/jsh-23.html Brucella ovis and Brucella pinnipedialis . BMC Microbiol 2008, 8:17.PubMedCrossRef 4. Halling SM, Peterson-Burch BD, Bricker BJ, Zuerner RL, Qing Z, Li LL, Kapur V, Alt NCT-501 DP, Olsen SC: Completion of the genome sequence of Brucella abortus and comparison to the highly similar genomes of Brucella melitensis and Brucella suis . J Bacteriol 2005,187(8):2715–2726.PubMedCrossRef

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6. Zygmunt MS, Maquart M, Bernardet N, Doublet B, Cloeckaert A: Novel IS 711 -specific chromosomal locations useful for identification and classification of marine mammal Brucella strains. J Clin Microbiol 2010,48(10):3765–3769.PubMedCrossRef 7. Tsolis RM, Seshadri R, Santos RL, Sangari FJ, Lobo JM, de Jong MF, Ren Q, Myers G, Brinkac LM, Nelson WC, et al.: Genome degradation in Brucella ovis corresponds with narrowing of its host range and tissue tropism. PloS one 2009,4(5):e5519.PubMedCrossRef 8. Marianelli C, La Rosa G, Ciuchini F, Muscillo TSA HDAC molecular weight M, Pasquali P, Adone R: Genetic diversity at alkB locus in Brucella abortus . J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2003,50(10):494–499.PubMedCrossRef 9. Bricker BJ, Halling SM: Differentiation of Brucella abortus bv. 1, 2, and 4, Brucella melitensis, Brucella ovis , and Brucella

suis bv. 1 by PCR. J Clin Microbiol 1994,32(11):2660–2666.PubMed 10. Mancilla M, Villarroel M, Saldías ME, Soto J, Zárraga AM: Genotipos de aislados de campo de Brucella abortus de distintas regiones geográficas de Chile. Arch Med Vet 2008, 40:187–192.CrossRef 11. Vemulapalli R, McQuiston JR, Rucaparib molecular weight Schurig GG, Sriranganathan N, Halling SM, Boyle SM: Identification of an IS 711 element interrupting the wboA gene of Brucella abortus vaccine strain RB51 and a PCR assay to distinguish strain RB51 from other Brucella species and strains. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 1999,6(5):760–764.PubMed 12. Bricker BJ, Halling SM: Enhancement of the Brucella AMOS PCR assay for differentiation of Brucella abortus vaccine strains S19 and RB51. J Clin Microbiol 1995,33(6):1640–1642.PubMed 13. Chain PS, Comerci DJ, Tolmasky ME, Larimer FW, Malfatti SA, Vergez LM, Aguero F, Land ML, Ugalde RA, Garcia E: Whole-genome analyses of speciation events in pathogenic Brucellae. Infect Immun 2005,73(12):8353–8361.PubMedCrossRef 14. Halling SM, Bricker BJ: Characterization and occurrence of two repeated palindromic DNA elements of Brucella spp.: Bru-RS1 and Bru-RS2. Mol Microbiol 1994,14(4):681–689.PubMedCrossRef 15. Siguier P, Filee J, Chandler M: Insertion sequences in prokaryotic genomes. Curr Opin Microbiol 2006,9(5):526–531.PubMedCrossRef 16.

Moreover, for different wire diameters, no significant change in the emission wavelength has been measured. It www.selleckchem.com/products/AG-014699.html can be explained by the quite large thickness and low density of the wires compared to MBE samples where

the In incorporation in the MQWs has been shown to vary strongly for a small diameter (140 to 270 nm for the 400-nm period) [22]. Figure 4 Electroluminescence measurements. Electroluminescence spectra of a single InGaN/GaN core-shell wire LED structure measured at 300 K with a metallic tip (> 20 V) for 2, 10, 25, 40 and 60 μA. The inset shows a schematic view of the contact. Conclusions In summary, we have shown the possibility to grow self-assembled vertically aligned GaN wires on the Si (111) substrate using a thin AlN intermediate layer. The epitaxial relationship of the GaN wires/AlN/Si (111) has been studied by XRD and GIXRD. As shown by HRTEM observations and in agreement with literature, the high growth temperature of AlN Bindarit molecular weight leads to the formation of an amorphous (or nanocrystallized) SiN x layer between the Si and the AlN that does not affect the epitaxial relationship. The wires were then used as templates for the growth of a complete LED structure, and the electrical continuity between the Si substrate

and the n-GaN wire core allows the injection of electrons in the structure using a backside contact. A violet electroluminescence at 420 nm of single wires has been demonstrated and provides a low cost wire-based LED alternative for optoelectronic devices on Si when the voltage threshold will be reduced. Acknowledgments The authors thank the French

BM32 beamline staff of the ESRF synchrotron, V. Favre-Nicolin for the scientific discussion and J. Dussaud for the technical help. This work has been funded in part by the French government ANR Sincrone and Carnot Eclairage projects. References 1. Dong Y, Tian B, Kempa TJ, Lieber CM: Coaxial group III-nitride nanowire photovoltaics. Nano Lett 2009, 9:2183–2187.CrossRef 2. Qian F, Gradecak S, Li Y, Wen CY, Lieber CM: Core/multishell nanowire heterostructure as multicolour, high-efficiency light-emitting diodes. Nano Lett 2005, 5:2287–2291.CrossRef 3. Qian F, Li Y, Gradecak S, Park HG, Dong Y, Ding Y, Wang ZL, Lieber CM: Multi-quantum-well nanowire heterostructures for learn more wavelength-controlled Dichloromethane dehalogenase lasers. Nat Mater 2008, 7:701–706.CrossRef 4. Dobrokhotov V, McIlroy DN, Grant Norton M, Abuzir A, Yeh WJ, Stevenson I, Pouy R, Bochenek J, Cartwright M, Wang L, Dawson J, Beaux M, Berven C: Principles and mechanisms of gas sensing by GaN nanowires functionalized with gold nanoparticles. J Appl Phys 2006, 99:104302.CrossRef 5. Jacopin G, De Luna Bugallo A, Levenus P, Rigutti L, Julien FH, Zagonel LF, Kociak M, Durand C, Salomon D, Chen XJ, Eymery J, Tchernycheva M: Single-wire light-emitting diodes based on GaN wires containing both polar and nonpolar InGaN/GaN quantum wells. Appl Phys Express 2012, 5:014101.CrossRef 6.

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R (2001) The major antenna complex of photosystem II has a xanthophyll binding site not involved in light harvesting. J Biol Chem 276:35924–35933PubMedCrossRef Croce R, Morosinotto T, Castelletti S, Breton Stattic purchase J, Bassi R (2002) The Lhca antenna complexes of higher plants photosystem I. Bba-Bioenergetics 1556:29–40PubMedCrossRef Di Donato M, Stahl AD, van Stokkum IHM, van Grondelle R, Groot ML (2011) Cofactors Involved in light-driven charge separation in photosystem I identified by subpicosecond infrared spectroscopy. Biochemistry 50:480–490PubMedCrossRef Engelmann E, Zucchelli G, Casazza AP, Brogioli D, Garlaschi FM, Jennings RC (2006) Influence of the photosystem I–light harvesting complex I antenna domains on fluorescence decay. Biochemistry 45:6947–6955PubMedCrossRef Germano M, Yakushevska AE, Keegstra W, van Gorkom HJ, Dekker JP, Boekema Selleckchem Erastin EJ (2002) Supramolecular organization of photosystem I and light-harvesting complex I in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. FEBS Lett 525:121–125PubMedCrossRef Giera W, Ramesh VM, Webber AN, van Stokkum I, van Grondelle R, Gibasiewicz K (2010) Effect of the P700 pre-oxidation and point mutations near A0 on the reversibility of the

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